Microalbuminuria and Other Risk Factors in Diabetic Retinopathy

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to study positivity of microalbuminuria and other risk factors in DM type II and their relation to DR. An analytic study was done among 300 selected cases of Type 2 DM in one year. The grading of the severity of DR was done using ETDRS protocol. Tests for hemoglobin, fasting blood sugars, micro-albuminuria, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile were done. 137 (45.67%) cases of DM found to have DR [22(7.33%) mild NPDR, 43 (14.33%) moderate NPDR, 30(10%) severe NPDR and 42 (14%) PDR]. 61(20.33%) cases of DR have microalbuminuria [50% (21/42) cases of PDR, 66.67% (20/30 cases) in severe NPDR cases, 34.89% (15/43 cases) in moderate NPDR and 13.64% (3/22 cases) in mild NPDR cases]. Duration of DM, hypertriglyceridemia, cholesterol had positive relation with DR. Levels of HDL, LDL and hemoglobin had no relation with DR although the occurrence of low HDL, high LDL, hypertension and anemia had relation with DR. Occurrence and progression of DR is associated with uncontrolled DM, long duration of DM, dyslipidemia, anemia and hypertension. Microalbuminuria is a contributing factor in the degree of retinopathy.

Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy, diabetes mellitus, microalbuminuria, risk factors