URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: A STUDY ON AIR POLLUTION IN VISAKHAPATNAM CITY
Resumo
Environmental Impact Assessment is a method of evaluating environmental changes and consequences which area caused by the developmental activities such as industrialization, urbanization, water resource developments, new transport and communication systems, etc. Visakhapatnam is a fast developing port city and recording rapid rate of urbanization. This rapid growth is creating in its wake serious gaps between what is desirable and what actually gained, in the matter of keeping the city clean. In this context, the study is an attempt to provide a quantitative assessment of air pollution concentrations at selected locations in the study area and the study is confined to main city core area. The study was to assess the pollution concentration levels from selected points in the city of Visakhapatnam. Based on the sources of pollution and land use pattern six sample locations were selected in the city. Three locations were selected from industrial area, two from commercial and one from residential area. The ambient air quality survey has been carried out in six monitoring stations for SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOX and finally the air quality Indices have been calculated. The procedure for measurement of these pollutants is by installing the equipment “Respirable Dust High Volume Air Sampler” at selected locations in the city and air samples were collected and analyzed. The results are average value of 24 hours of observation period. The major pollutants of concern are SPM and RSPM which exceeded the permissible limits. The concentrations of SO2 and NOX are also exceeded the standards in industrial area. Air quality has been analyzed at six sampling sites and the analysis of data revels that the levels of SO2 are quite high and have been crossed the ambient air quality limits at all locations in industrial area. Keywords: Air Quality, Air Pollution, EIA, Visakhapatnam
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