Effect of Valsalva Maneuver Prior to Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation on Vital Signs

Abstract

Venous cannulation is a mandatory requirement for the administration of fluids, drugs, blood products and nutritional solutions. Insertion of an intravenous (IV) cannula is very distressing for many patients. A comprehensive approach is needed to ensure comfort during cannulation. Valsalva maneuver stimulates the vagus nerve and induces changes in vital signs. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of Valsalva maneuver prior to peripheral IV cannulation on vital signs of the patients. A quasi experimental research approach was employed. One hundred subjects meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled for the study. Interview schedule was used to collect socio-demographic data, history and clinical data of the subjects. Subjects were randomly allocated into control (50) and interventional group (50) using nonreplacement lottery method. In control group, subjects were cannulated without performing Valsalva maneuver. However, in the interventional group, they were asked to perform Valsalva maneuver before cannulation. Vital signs were assessed manually in both groups at 5 min before and after cannulation. There was statistically significant increase in pulse rate after cannulation in interventional group (t = 2.46, p < 0.05). In conclusion, Valsalva maneuver increased the pulse rate of the patients undergoing IV cannulation. Further studies are recommended for the generalization of the findings.

Keywords: vital signs, peripheral intravenous cannulation, valsalva maneuver